C8991-01

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Product Specifications: Hamamatsu C8991-01

Category	Parameter	Specification / Description
General Information	Product Code	C8991-01
	Product Type	Selected Hybrid Photo-Detector (HPD)
	Variant Description	The `-01` suffix indicates a selected version of the C8991, optimized for the lowest possible dark count rate. This is the premium grade for single-photon counting.
Photocathode	Type	Bialkali
	Form	Transmissive
	Effective Area	Diameter: 8 mm
	Window Material	UV-glass
Spectral Response	Range	300 nm to 650 nm
	Peak Wavelength	~420 nm
	Cathode Luminous Sensitivity	70 μA/lm (Typ., at 2856 K)
Semiconductor Target	Type	Avalanche Diode
	Operating Principle	Electron Bombardment Gain
Gain	Typical Value	2,000 to 10,000
	Excess Noise Factor, F	≈ 1.0 (Virtually noiseless gain)
Voltage	Operating Voltage (Cathode to Target)	-8 kV DC (Typical)
	Avalanche Diode Bias	+100 V to +200 V DC
	Polarity	Negative High Voltage on photocathode.
Performance	Dark Count Rate (Typical)	< 50 counts per second (cps) (This is the key selection criteria – significantly lower than the standard C8991)
	Dark Count Rate (Maximum Guaranteed)	< 100 cps (e.g., at rated voltage, room temperature) (This guaranteed maximum is the defining feature of the -01 variant)
	Photon Counting	Superior performance due to the lowest possible noise floor.
	Rise Time	1.5 ns (Extremely fast)
	TTS (Transit Time Spread)	150 ps (Excellent timing resolution)
	Magnetic Field Immunity	High.
Output	Signal	Anode Output
	Connector	BNC connector (standard)
Mechanical	Housing	Metal-bodied, head-on type.
	Dimensions	Larger than a PMT module.
Applications		Ultra-sensitive TCSPC, FLIM, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), Raman Spectroscopy, Low-flux LIDAR, Fundamental Physics Experiments.